Piracetam

Mechanism of Action:

  • Modulates ion channels and ion carriers, which affects neuronal and vascular functions
  • Increases blood flow and oxygen consumption in the brain
  • Enhances energy metabolism in brain cells
  • Improves the function of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and glutamate
  • Increases membrane fluidity and promotes neuroplasticity

Benefits:

  • Enhances memory and learning
  • Improves cognitive function in aging individuals
  • May help with dyslexia and cognitive decline
  • Potential benefits for dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Recommended Dosage:

1200-4800 mg daily, divided into 2-3 doses

Side Effects:

  • Generally well-tolerated
  • May include headache, nervousness, gastrointestinal issues, and insomnia

Research Evidence:

Extensive research on cognitive enhancement, but limited specific studies on ADHD.